What is a fiber laser cutting machine and what is its working principle?

A fiber laser cutting machine is a high-precision cutting device that uses a fiber laser as the light source. It focuses a high-energy-density laser beam onto the surface of the material, causing the material to rapidly melt or vaporize, thus achieving precise cutting. Fiber laser cutting machines are widely used for processing metal sheets, pipes, and other materials, particularly in industries such as automotive manufacturing, aerospace, electronics, and precision instruments.

How Does a Fiber Laser Cutting Machine Work?

The working principle of a fiber laser cutting machine involves several key steps:

1. Laser Generation

• Fiber Laser: The core component of a fiber laser cutting machine is the fiber laser, which generates laser light by doping rare earth elements into the fiber and absorbing pump light (usually provided by semiconductor lasers). Fiber lasers offer high efficiency, long life, and low maintenance costs.

2. Laser Transmission

• Fiber Optics: The generated laser is transmitted to the cutting head via a fiber optic system. This system provides long transmission distances, excellent beam quality, and eliminates the need for optical alignment.

3. Laser Focusing

• Focusing Lens: The laser beam is focused onto the surface of the workpiece through a focusing lens. Typically, this lens system consists of one or more lenses that can focus the laser beam to a very small spot diameter (usually less than 0.1 millimeters).

4. Material Melting and Vaporization

• High Energy Density: The focused laser beam generates extremely high energy density at the focal point, causing the material to rapidly reach its melting or boiling point. The material then melts or vaporizes, forming a small hole.

5. Gas Blowing

• High-Pressure Gas: Simultaneously with the laser beam, high-pressure gas (usually nitrogen, oxygen, or compressed air) is blown through a nozzle onto the cutting area, removing the melted or vaporized material and creating a clean cut.

6. CNC System Control

• CNC System: A fiber laser cutting machine is equipped with an advanced CNC system that controls the movement path and speed of the cutting head, ensuring cutting accuracy and efficiency. The CNC system can automatically adjust the position of the cutting head and the laser power based on pre-set cutting paths and parameters.

7. Cooling System

• Cooling System: During the cutting process, a significant amount of heat is generated. The cooling system circulates coolant to cool the laser, cutting head, and other critical components, ensuring the stable operation of the machine.

Advantages

• High Precision: Fiber laser cutting machines offer high cutting precision, narrow kerf widths, smooth edges, and no burrs.

• High Speed: Laser cutting is fast, leading to high production efficiency.

• Low Heat-Affected Zone: The heat-affected zone during cutting is small, resulting in minimal material deformation and no mechanical stress.

• Versatility: They can process a wide range of materials, including metals, plastics, glass, and ceramics.

• High Automation: The combination of CNC systems and automated equipment achieves high-precision and high-efficiency automated production.

Application Fields

Fiber laser cutting machines are widely used in the following fields:

• Automotive Manufacturing: Body components, exhaust systems, etc.

• Aerospace: Aircraft components, engine blades, etc.

• Electronics: Circuit boards, enclosures, etc.

• Precision Instruments: Medical devices, optical instruments, etc.

• Metal Processing: Sheet metal processing, pipe cutting, etc.

Morn Lase: Professional Laser Solutions Provider

Founded in 2008, Morn Lase is a Chinese high-tech enterprise that integrates R&D, production, sales, and service into a comprehensive smart equipment manufacturing company. As a one-stop industrial laser solutions provider, Morn Lase leverages cutting-edge production technology, reliable service, and a commitment to lifetime product responsibility to become the preferred laser brand for tens of thousands of global customers. Morn Lase continuously innovates, dedicated to providing customers with efficient, precise, and environmentally friendly laser cutting solutions.

Conclusion

Fiber laser cutting machines, with their high efficiency, precision, and flexibility, are indispensable in modern manufacturing. Understanding their working principles can help users better leverage the advantages of fiber laser cutting machines to improve production efficiency and product quality. If you have any questions or need further assistance, feel free to contact Morn Lase. We are committed to providing you with the highest quality products and services to help you excel in a competitive market.